Which screenings are typically performed on a newborn after birth?

The correct answer highlights the importance of newborn screening tests, which are conducted immediately after a baby is born to identify any potential health issues early on. These screenings typically include metabolic tests, which check for genetic disorders affecting the body's metabolism, and hearing screenings, which ensure that the newborn can hear properly, as hearing impairment can occur and may impact language development if not addressed promptly. These screenings are essential in taking proactive measures for the health and wellbeing of the infant.

Other options, while relevant to overall child development and health, do not encompass the immediate assessments performed on newborns. Cognitive and physical development assessments, for instance, are usually conducted later in infancy or toddlerhood, while immunization follow-ups occur as part of ongoing preventive care rather than at the moment of birth. Similarly, evaluations of developmental milestones typically happen during well-child visits as the child grows, rather than immediately at birth. Thus, the screenings specified in the correct choice are crucial for early detection and intervention, making it the appropriate answer.