What condition occurs if the placenta is implanted over the cervix?

The condition that occurs when the placenta is implanted over the cervix is placenta previa. In this situation, the placenta partially or completely covers the cervical opening, which can lead to complications during childbirth. Women with placenta previa may experience symptoms such as painless vaginal bleeding, particularly in the later stages of pregnancy.

Diagnosing placenta previa typically occurs through ultrasound examinations, and management often involves careful monitoring and, depending on the severity, may require a cesarean section to ensure the safety of both the mother and the baby. The presence of the placenta over the cervix poses a risk for significant bleeding at the time of delivery if the cervix becomes dilated or effaced.

Other conditions listed do not involve the placenta's position in relation to the cervix. For instance, placental abruption involves the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall, while molar pregnancy refers to an abnormal growth of trophoblastic tissue, and gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes developed during pregnancy that affects how the body processes sugar. These conditions have distinct pathophysiologies and management strategies compared to placenta previa.