What condition does "Preeclampsia" signify in pregnancy?

Preeclampsia is characterized by hypertension and proteinuria that develops after the 20th week of gestation. This condition is significant because it indicates a potential risk for both the mother and the fetus, as it can lead to serious complications if not managed properly. The diagnosis typically requires the presence of elevated blood pressure, defined as systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg or higher and/or diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg or higher, along with the presence of protein in the urine.

The timing of the onset—after 20 weeks gestation—is critical for the diagnosis. It distinguishes preeclampsia from other hypertensive disorders that may occur before this gestational age. Additionally, proteinuria is an essential criterion for diagnosis, providing a specific marker related to kidney function in the context of the disorder. Understanding these elements is crucial for nursing practice and maternal-fetal health management.

The other options lack critical elements. Low blood pressure combined with proteinuria does not represent preeclampsia, as the disorder typically involves hypertension. Gestational diabetes is related to glucose metabolism rather than blood pressure or protein levels, and chronic hypertension can exist without proteinuria but does not meet the criteria for preeclamps