What are the initial assessments performed on a newborn immediately after birth?

The initial assessments performed on a newborn immediately after birth focus on ensuring the baby's fundamental physiological functions are stable and adequate. This includes checking the airway, breathing, circulation, and stabilization of temperature.

Airway management is critical to prevent any obstruction and ensure that the newborn can breathe effectively right after birth. Assessing breathing involves checking for adequate respiratory effort and ensuring that the infant is not in respiratory distress. Circulation assessment includes evaluating the heart rate and overall perfusion, while temperature stabilization is vital because newborns are at risk for hypothermia, given their limited ability to regulate body temperature and the warm environment they were used to in utero.

Other options listed, while important aspects of newborn care, are not prioritized in the immediate assessments right after birth. Blood pressure and weight checks, though relevant for overall health assessment, are typically conducted after the initial stabilization. Vision and hearing screenings are performed at later checkups to assess the newborn’s sensory development. Immunizations and vitamin K injections are crucial for preventing specific health issues but are done following the immediate assessment to ensure the infant's stability first. Therefore, the correct choice reflects the essential first steps in assessing and managing a newborn's health right after delivery.